alafarmnews

Skinning of Wild Hog
May Lead to Disease

There is no doubt about the fact feral hog populations are growing rapidly across the U.S. Based on the number of questions I got a few weeks ago while speaking at a deer hunting seminar in Huntsville. Feral hogs are now found on many hunting clubs and farmlands here in Alabama. While wild hogs can be a fun critter to hunt, there are some cautions that need to be understood.

First, feral hogs are opportunists and will eat just about anything. They are extremely competitive with game animals. If deer, wild turkey, quail, rabbits, etc. are the animals you want to have on your property then hogs are not what you want.

Second, feral hogs can carry diseases that can be transmitted to man. This report comes to us from the University of North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service and emphasizes the need to wear latex gloves when dressing wild hogs.

A 27-year-old hunter field-dressed and quartered several whitetail deer and feral hogs after a successful hunt at his deer camp. He was unaware that a wild hog he was cleaning was infected with a bacteria that causes Brucellosis, and that he could contract this and other diseases simply by touching the contaminated meat. Since he was not wearing latex gloves, a nick or briar scratch on his hands or arms would provide enough of a cut for infection to result.

Brucellosis, commonly known as “Undulant Fever” in humans, can be transmitted from animals to man by handling infected animals or by drinking contaminated, unpasteurized milk. Brucellosis is now rare among farm animals, although livestock veterinarians continue to wear gloves and take precautions.

While feral hogs may present a problem to farmers and wildlife managers, hunters like Matt Foster of Portland, OR, travel great distances to enjoy the sport of feral hog hunting.

A healthy feral sow will breed when she is 6 months old and will continue to breed each 6 months. She will produce 4-14 piglets in each litter. Feral hog populations are capable of doubling or tripling in just one year.

The incubation period for Brucellosis varies but averages 2 weeks in man. Early signs are chills, fever, headache, malaise, neck and back pain, diarrhea, and muscle aches. These symptoms, particularly fever, will fluctuate for weeks. The victim will seem to get well only to have the symptoms recur, in many cases, frequently. Brucellosis is rarely fatal in humans, but serious complications can lead to meningitis, encephalitis, liver disease and spinal cord damage. At first, the afflicted hunter complained of back pain and his physician, believing that he had pulled a muscle, prescribed painkillers. When this medication was ineffective, the hunter was admitted to the hospital for tests. Because bovine brucellosis has been nearly eradicated in the U.S. and its symptoms often mimic common diseases, the real cause of his ailment was not initially detected. The numbness and tingling in his legs and back became more and more pronounced. After several days of tests, the patient was walking across his hospital room when he collapsed to the floor. An MRI revealed a mass the size of a grapefruit growing from his spinal column and pressing into his lungs. After hours of surgery, doctors were able to remove the mass. Cultures taken from it finally identified the cause of his disease. Fortunately, the hunter recovered fully and was able to return to work.

Always wear latex gloves while cleaning and dressing wild game. When finished, scrub your hands and arms carefully with antibacterial soap to kill any lingering bacteria. Thoroughly cook all meat — from wild game and domestic livestock — before eating.

J. Wayne Fears is the author of the book Hunt Club Management Guide and the editor of Hunting Camp Journal Magazine, a magazine for the hunter who manages the land and wildlife, www.huntingcampjournal.com.